مجله پیاورد سلامت
سال نهم شماره 2 (خرداد و تیر 1394)

Online submission and peer review systems are formal channels of communication among authors، journal editorial boards، and reviewers. The review process starts after authors submit their manuscripts. The aim of this study is to examine the online article submission and peer review systems in terms of the capability in medical journals of Iranian Ministry of Health، and Medical Education. In this descriptive survey study، 199 approved Iranian medical journals were examined so that the characteristics of online submission and peer review systems could be investigated. To study author role features، a checklist was developed by the researcher. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18 and Microsoft Excel 2007. The online submission and peer review systems considered in this study had most (84%) of the features of the author role. Among the systems reviewed، Kowsar system had the highest number of features. The results show that the studied systems consider some، but not all، of the required features. To meet the maximum required features of the author role، it seems necessary to take all standard research criteria into account.

To perform plans and achieve their goals, organizations are in need of different factors. One of the most important of which is the existence of an ideal organizational climate and participation. The main goal of this study is to determine the relationship between organizational climate and faculty member's participation in decision makings at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences (SSUMS) in Yazd. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study induced in 2011-2012. The research population comprised all 292 SSUMS faculty members. 72 members were selected through random-category sampling method. For data collection, two questionnaires included organizational climate and participation were used. The reliability of two questionnaires were 0.86 and 0.85, respectively, using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The validity of both questionnaires were confirmed by expert panel. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18. For descriptive results, and used Pearson test for Analytical results. The average of total participation rate for faculty members was computed to be 3.43. The total figure for organizational climate with a mean of 82.6 was obtained from the total average of micro-scale scores. A Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.418 showed that there was a direct relationship between organizational climate and faculty member's participation. In spite of weakness of counselling system and team work system, and approach diversity between the faculty members, they are enthusiastic to cooperate to solve the university problems. Therefore we suggest more financial and spiritual mechanisms for autonomy of the faculty members.

The recently emerged symptoms of population aging have raised serious concerns in some developed countries. A recent report by the United Nations (UN) indicates that aging is more rapidly growing and is even more serious in developing countries than it is in certain other countries. Therefore, this study is aimed to determine the impression of aging on non-oil economic growth. A simple economic growth model was built which would take demographic variables into account. Then, using the country's data for the years 1967-2011, the researchers tried to estimate autoregressive distributed lags (ADL). The short- and long-term models, and error correction model were estimated using Microfit 4.0 software. The findings show that physical capital, human capital and trade openness have a significant positive effect on per capita income, both in the long and in the short run. Similarly, the regression analysis indicates that “Ageing Index” may have a significant effect on economic growth in Iran’s non-oil sector. Due to the young makeup of Iran's population, the signs of aging economy have not raised sensitiveness; but predictions indicate that the aging process in Iran will be intensified in the coming decades and its negative effects will emerge in near future. Therefore, due to the long-term effects of aging on economic growth, working structure and retiredness reform policies, it is vital to stabilize population growth at an optimal rate, and more importantly, pay attention to capital storage.

To improve the implementation of clinical governance (CG) in Iran's hospitals, awareness of various aspects of its implementation and assessment is important. The aim of this study was to find out the obstacles and challenges of clinical governance implementation and assessment in Qazvin teaching hospitals. Semi-structured interviews with 17 senior managers, clinical staff and clinical governance experts were conducted in six hospitals of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences (QUMS). To analyze the collected data, framework analysis was used. The challenges and obstacles of CG implementation in Qazvin teaching hospitals were explained using three themes of (1) challenges of CG implementation, (2) improvement in seven dimensions of CG, and (3) challenges of CG implementation assessment. The results of this study show that CG implementation needs to address three issues: improving clinical staff awareness about CG, changing organizational culture so as to make it more receptive to CG, and creating higher levels of cooperation among physicians, managers, patients, specialists, and professionals. The supportive role of top management in addressing the three issues and in providing resources and other infrastructures is obviously essential.

Materials and methods, as one of the most important parts of a paper, introduces its scientific value. This study aims to investigate the methodological quality of publications of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) indexed in PubMed. In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 400 articles affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences and indexed in PubMed until the end of 2012 were investigated. The type, purpose and subject matter of all these articles were recorded in a checklist. The most frequently published reports were cross-sectional studies (41.3%), followed by case-control studies (14.5%), case reports (14.3%), clinical trials (13%), narrative reviews (4.8%), animal studies (3.3%), quantitative studies (2.8%), quasi-experimental studies (2%), cohort studies (1.8%), case series (1%), meta-analysis (1%), and systematic reviews (0.5%). When the articles were classified according to National Library of Medicine (NLM) classification, most papers were about musculoskeletal system (8.5%). Over half of the articles were therapeutic (52.8%), followed by diagnostic (24.8%), prevention (12.3%), prognostic (7.8%), and etiologic (2.5%). School of Medicine, Hazrate Rasoule Akram hospital, and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Institutes had the highest number of articles among TUMS faculties, hospitals, and research centers. Primary studies were the most common types observed in the articles affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses form only a small proportion of articles in the current research. It seems that there should be a revision in the researcher's priorities to publish papers with prevention purposes.

Receiving and using health care services is called health services uitilization. There are many socio-economic factors including income, culture, age and education affecting the utilization of the services. This survey aimed to study socio-economic determinants of health utilization in Tehran. This was a cross-sectional, population based health survey done in year 2013. The sample was 792 households living in Tehran. Data was collected by WHO (households) questionnaire, and analyzed using logistic model and stata12. Among the study variables, household's income, presence of a person with chronic disease, education of the head of the household, and presence of person older than 60 and younger than 14 in households, had a significant statistical relationship with utilization. Insurance coverage had a vague and weak effect on the utilization of health services. Moreover about 23 percent of the households were not under insurance coverage. According to the announced policies by the supreme leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and by cconsidering the main focus of these policies on the universal insurance coverage, households financial security and reform of the payment system; identifying households that utilize more health care services than any others because of any socio-economic reasons; is a considerable step for providing financial security for vulnerable households and reforming health care system at the national level.

Health tourism is considered a national strategy to increase the income of the country and also is considered one of the pillars of national security. This aim of this study was to determine the impact of observing the standards of Joint Commission International (JCI) related to Patient-oriented on attracting health tourists. This research is an applied descriptive- analytical study that is conducted cross-sectional in selected hospitals in Tehran during year 2012. Five hospitals with using purposive sampling were selected as the sample size in this study. The instrument of data gathering is Commission standard checklist JCI which has seven patient-oriented areas. Reliability and validity of this checklist have demonstrated in previous studies. Data was collected by observation, interview and document review. After collecting the data, data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics such as mean and Pearson correlation coefficient were used in the statistical software SPSS 16. The rate of observance of the Patient-oriented standards in hospitals was different in this study. The overall average of standard observance was 3.16. Anesthesia and surgical care areas and also standards of Patient and family rights have highest (3/60) and lowest (2/93) mean scores respectively. Results of this study showed a positive correlation (r=0/341) between the observance of JCI standards with attraction of health tourist. Establishments of mechanisms for accreditation of care centers such as JCI standards enhance the quality of health services and will attract more Health tourists.

Some economists and authorities in the field of management believe that entrepreneurship is a motive and advancement engine. The development of entrepreneurship requires high level of entrepreneurial spirit and university students are considered to be the cornerstones of such entrepreneurship. Therefore, the study investigated School of Allied Medical Sciences of Tehran University of Medical Sciences student’s spirit of entrepreneurship in year 2013. This was a cross-sectional study. The participants were the undergraduate students of school of Allied Medical Sciences of Tehran University of Medical Sciences who entered university in October month of year 2011. Based on stratified random sampling which was proportional to the size of the society, 216 subjects were enrolled. In this study the standardized questionnaire consisted of two parts: demographic characteristics and the information related to the components of entrepreneurship. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (one sample t-test, independent t). The mean and standard deviation of the age of the students were 20/44 ±1/90 year, respectively. The Percentage of entrepreneurship spirit of all students was 59/90, which was higher than the gained mean percentage (50). The findings of the study showed that was the studied subjects had high power of spirit of entrepreneurship which higher than the mean percentage. This finding can help the policy-makers to provide a way for the students to plan and implement the programs related to development and education of entrepreneurship.